LOSE vs. MISS なくす vs. しそこなう

To lose something is to no longer have it because you can't find it or because someone took it from you.

In general, you miss something if you fail to do it. (See the examples for more specific meanings.)
lose は、前に持っていた物が見つからないとか、それを誰かが取ってしまった、などの理由で、今はもうない状態、つまり、なくすという意味です。

miss は、一般的に、何かをしそこなうという意味で使われます。（例文を見れば、どのような意味合いで使われるかが分かります。）

My son is always losing things, so I have to write our phone number on everything he takes with him.
Jenny's boyfriend lost his driver's license last year for drinking and driving.
I just missed the bus (= I didn't catch it because I arrived at the bus stop too late) and had to wait 30 minutes for the next one.
If I don't leave now, I'm going to miss my favorite TV program (= I won't be able to see it).
I missed two days of work last week (= I wasn't at work) because I had the flu.

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